While many individuals will have a seamless and positive experience after walking through a surgery, postoperative depression can occur as a result of a variety of issues. For some individuals, post-surgical depression can come as a result of a lack of support, physical complications, financial strain, and physical discomfort. However, recent studies have also found that those who undergo general anesthesia after a surgical procedure may be at higher risk of experiencing depression. Other studies have found that depression is a frequent cause of morbidity in surgery patients suffering from a wide range of conditions, as identified through the use of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 or similar instruments.1
A recent study of propofol (a usual anesthetic) with mice suggested that propofol treatment might promote the depressive-like behaviours in mice via influencing the microglial cell function.2
It can be difficult to differentiate between post-operative depression and depression caused by anesthetics. Postoperative complications and postoperative pain can contribute to and exacerbate symptoms of depression.
If you or a loved one are struggling with depression after a major surgery, there are certain steps you can take in order to take care of your mental health beforehand, and to properly ensure a higher quality of life. Call today to learn more about depression treatment with AMFM Mental Health Treatment.
Studies have shown that there are higher rates of depression correlated with particular post-surgery recovery processes. Depression and anxiety have been widely reported soon after coronary artery bypass surgery and remain evident one year after surgery, and may increase the likelihood for new coronary artery events, further hospitalizations and increased mortality.3 Additionally, individuals who undergo bariatric surgery have an increased risk of depression.
Beyond this, chronic pain or the pain that occurs post-surgery can impact the hippocampus, decreasing dopamine production, leading to mental health conditions and higher risk of depression. However, mental health treatment, pain management, psychotherapy, and support groups can all help with well-being during the recovery process. More research confirmed positive correlation in the effect of psychosocial treatment on survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer.4 Having a proper support system in place can also help reduce feelings of anxiety and risk of post-surgery depression.
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Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) or Clinical Depression is a mood disorder that is known for causing feelings of sadness, a loss of interest in pleasurable activities, and a range of other emotional and physical symptoms. Symptoms of depression can affect your daily routine, relationships, and overall quality of life. Mental health treatment, through a combination of psychiatry and therapeutic care, can help you to manage these symptoms over time, increasing the quality of life.
Major Depression can affect individuals of varying ages and other demographics. Causes of depression can vary, including genetics, self-esteem, experiences you’ve had in life, and a chemical imbalance within your brain. Depression therapy can help you in overcoming depression and may include the use of depression medications and holistic therapies.
According to the DSM-5, there are nine criteria to diagnose depression, and an individual must express at least five of the following:
Depression can present differently across negative emotions among those experiencing depressive symptoms. There are several types of depressive disorders, each of which have their own features and recommended treatments. While this is not an exhaustive list of the types of depression, it does highlight some of the most common:
There are a variety of different antidepressant medications that have been proven as effective treatment (in combination with psychological treatment) for depression. Some types of antidepressants are listed here, but inquire with a licensed medical professional or psychiatrist for detailed information on different treatments. Never take psychiatric medication unless it is prescribed to you, and be sure to consult with healthcare professionals in case of external risk factors.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) are antidepressant medications that treat different neurotransmitters in order to block the reabsorption of serotonin or norepinephrine, keeping more of the chemicals in the synaptic cleft. However, both SSRIs and SNRIs have been known to impact fatigue and energy levels, and antidepressants may have fatigue listed as a side effect. Both are effective treatments for depression, but depend upon the individual, and should be approached with medical guidance and professional advice. Click here to learn more about the importance of medication management.
Depression can affect individuals differently, which often requires individualized treatment. There are a variety of depression treatment options that can be used to address the emotional, cognitive, and behavioral aspects of this condition. Some of the most common approaches used in treatment plans include:
Couples and family therapy may be used when a loved one’s depressive symptoms are affecting others. This can increase family members’ understanding of depression and talk about how to support each other. Couples and family therapy sessions can improve communication patterns, focus on problem-solving, address unresolved conflicts, and increase the sense of understanding among one another.
Group therapy sessions can be used to help provide structured times to help you understand that you are not alone in your struggles, that your peers are also walking through these challenges, while also providing guidance, suggestions and communications from psychologists with specialized backgrounds. These groups can span a variety of backgrounds, including but not limited to art therapy, somatic therapy, and narrative therapy.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a form of therapy that’s focused on restructuring and reprogramming maladaptive and negative thought processes. Psychologists are trained to help you change your cognitive and emotional processes in order to outgrow coping mechanisms that may no longer be serving you.
Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is most commonly referred to as “talk therapy,” and is designed to help process emotions. Qualified professionals offer psychological therapy to move forward with healthy ways of engaging in interpersonal relationships and alleviating physical and emotional distress.
EMDR Therapy is a renowned method of reprocessing most often used in trauma therapy. By activating the prefrontal cortex through a series of bilateral stimulation, qualified professionals can lead you through traumatic experiences, helping you to alleviate the distress symptomized by trauma.
AMFM Mental Health Treatment has extensive experience treating a variety of mental illnesses beyond depression through evidence-based therapies, including but not limited to the following:
Recovery can feel isolating; mental health programming can provide cohesive treatment plans to help you or your loved one as you move forward.
Residential mental health facilities are designed to offer mental health resources, structure, and treatment plans to those struggling with a variety of mental health conditions in a live-in environment. Because these are inpatient behavioral health programs, they offer a more holistic and hands-on, in-person treatment approach with 24/7 access to health care and personalized treatment plans. Our Residential Facilities have qualified clinicians on staff, to provide medication management, therapeutic programming, and the highest level of care, This type of treatment prioritizes an individual’s safety when depressed, particularly for those who have experienced suicide attempts.
Intensive Outpatient Mental Health Treatment is a form of treatment designed to treat depression through a combination of group and individual therapy. Qualified mental health professionals lead clients through behavioral health programming, providing comprehensive treatment plans, evidence-based programs, and psychoeducation resources. IOP programs provide a holistic approach to treatment and thorough access to health care, but at a more flexible schedule. AMFM Mental Health Treatment offers outpatient programs, with both in-person and virtual treatment options to meet your unique needs.
PHP is a type of mental health program designed to help those struggling with mental health issues through a combination of group and individual therapy, to improve well-being. Qualified mental health professionals lead clients through behavioral health programming, providing personalized treatment plans, evidence-based programs, and psychoeducation resources. PHP programs provide comprehensive holistic treatment and thorough access to health care, but at a more flexible schedule. Unlike inpatient residential treatment, the partial hospitalization program option only takes place during the day, allowing clients to return home at night and on the weekends, with less disruption to your daily life. This level of care may be helpful for those continuing studies or work in the evenings or on the weekends. AMFM Mental Health Treatment Facilities offer PHP with both in-person and virtual treatment options to meet your unique needs.
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Ghoneim MM, O’Hara MW. Depression and postoperative complications: an overview. BMC Surg. 2016 Feb 2;16:5. doi: 10.1186/s12893-016-0120-y. PMID: 26830195; PMCID: PMC4736276.
Propofol induces postoperative depression and inhibits microglial function in mice – song – 2019 – mediators of inflammation – wiley online library. (n.d.-f). https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/2019/7651383
