Key Takeaways
- ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects focus, impulse control, and activity levels, impacting daily life.
- Atomoxetine is a non-stimulant medication used to treat ADHD by increasing norepinephrine levels in the brain. It is an effective alternative for those who cannot tolerate stimulant medications.
- Common side effects of atomoxetine are stomach upset and sleep issues, but serious side effects are rare.
- Unlike stimulants that work immediately, atomoxetine typically requires 4-8 weeks of consistent use to reach peak effectiveness.
- A Mission For Michael (AMFM) offers comprehensive ADHD treatment that combines medication management, behavioral therapy, and holistic approaches at facilities across California, Washington, and Virginia.
What is ADHD
ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that affects children and can continue into adulthood. It is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, which can lead to difficulties in school, work, and social settings. 1
Prevalence Among Age Groups
ADHD is one of the most common mental disorders affecting children. According to research, about 5% of children worldwide are diagnosed with ADHD. The disorder is more frequently diagnosed in boys than in girls. However, note that ADHD can also affect adults, with estimates suggesting that about 2.5% of adults live with this condition. 2
| A Mission For Michael: Expert Mental Health Care Founded in 2010, A Mission For Michael (AMFM) offers specialized mental health care across Southern California, Washington, and Virginia. Our accredited facilities provide residential and outpatient programs, utilizing evidence-based therapies such as CBT, DBT, and EMDR. Our dedicated team of licensed professionals ensures every client receives the best care possible, supported by accreditations from The Joint Commission and the California Department of Health Care Services. We are committed to safety and personalized treatment plans. Start your recovery journey with AMFM today! |
Causes of ADHD
Genetic Factors
Studies show that ADHD tends to run in families, indicating that genetic factors may contribute to the development of the disorder. 3
Environmental Influences
Various environmental factors may increase the risk of developing ADHD too. These include prenatal exposure to tobacco, or alcohol, low birth weight, and exposure to environmental toxins like lead. These factors can affect brain development and increase the likelihood of ADHD symptoms.
Brain Structure and Function
Differences in brain structure and function have been observed in individuals with ADHD. Studies using imaging techniques have shown that certain areas of the brain, such as the frontal lobes, which are responsible for attention and behavior regulation, may be smaller or less active in people with ADHD. 4
Symptoms of ADHD
Inattention Symptoms
Inattention symptoms include difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities, making careless mistakes in schoolwork or other activities, and often losing things necessary for tasks and activities.
For example, individuals can easily be distracted by external stimuli.
Hyperactivity Symptoms
Hyperactivity is characterized by excessive fidgeting, tapping, or talking. Individuals may find it difficult to remain seated in situations where it is expected, such as in a classroom or office. They might also run or climb in inappropriate situations and often act as if “driven by a motor.”
Impulsive Behavior
Impulsivity involves hasty actions that occur without forethought and have a high potential for harm. Individuals may interrupt or intrude on others, have difficulty waiting for their turn, and often blurt out answers before questions have been completed.
These symptoms can lead to significant challenges in academic, occupational, and social settings. 5
Types of ADHD
Predominantly Inattentive Presentation
In this type, individuals primarily exhibit symptoms of inattention. They may struggle with focusing on tasks, following instructions, and organizing activities. This type of ADHD is sometimes referred to as ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder).
Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation
Individuals with this type of ADHD display mainly hyperactive and impulsive symptoms. They may be constantly moving, have difficulty sitting still, and act without thinking. This type is more commonly diagnosed in younger children.
Combined Presentation
The combined presentation involves a mix of inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms. This is the most common type of ADHD, where individuals show significant levels of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. 6
Atomoxetine & How It Is Used for ADHD
Atomoxetine is a medication used to treat ADHD by increasing the levels of norepinephrine in the brain. It is particularly useful for individuals who cannot tolerate stimulant medications or for those who have coexisting anxiety disorders.
Atomoxetine is typically used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes psychological, educational, and social measures. 7
Integration with Other Treatments
Atomoxetine is most effective when used in conjunction with other treatment modalities. Behavioral therapy, educational interventions, and lifestyle changes can enhance the medication’s effectiveness and help address the challenges associated with ADHD.
For example, incorporating Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) can help individuals develop coping strategies and organizational skills.
On the other hand, educational interventions can provide support in academic settings. Together, these approaches can create a comprehensive support system for managing ADHD.
How Atomoxetine Works
Atomoxetine is classified as a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI).
Unlike stimulant medications, atomoxetine works by selectively inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter associated with attention and behavior regulation. By preventing the reuptake of norepinephrine, it increases the availability of this neurotransmitter in the brain, which can help improve focus and control impulsive behavior.
While the primary action is on norepinephrine, the increased attention and focus can lead to secondary changes in dopamine pathways, which further supports its therapeutic effects.
This mechanism of action is different from that of stimulant medications, which primarily increase dopamine levels. Atomoxetine is a non-stimulant option for treating ADHD, making it ideal for those who do not respond well to stimulants. 8
Atomoxetine’s Effects on ADHD
Clinical studies have demonstrated that atomoxetine can effectively reduce ADHD symptoms in both children and adults. Patients often report improvements in attention span, impulse control, and overall behavior. While it may take several weeks for the full effects to be observed, many individuals experience noticeable improvements within the first few weeks of treatment.
Note that individual responses to atomoxetine can vary. Some patients may experience significant improvements, while others may require adjustments in dosage or additional therapeutic interventions to achieve optimal results. 9
How Long Atomoxetine Takes to Work
The onset of atomoxetine’s effects can vary, but most patients begin to notice improvements within a few weeks of starting treatment. However, it may take up to 4-8 weeks to achieve the full therapeutic effect. During this time, maintain open communication with your healthcare provider to monitor progress and make any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan. 10
Atomoxetine Doses
Recommended Dosage Guidelines
For children and adolescents who weigh 70 kg or less, the recommended starting dose is usually 0.5 mg/kg per day, which can be gradually increased to a target dose of approximately 1.2 mg/kg per day.
For those who weigh over 70 kg, the recommended starting dose is 40 mg/day, with a maximum dose of 100 mg/day.
Adults typically start with a dose of 40 mg per day, which can be increased to a maximum of 100 mg per day based on clinical response and tolerability. 11
Adjusting Dosages for Different Patients
Individual responses to atomoxetine can vary, and some patients may require dose adjustments to achieve optimal results. Work closely with your healthcare provider to determine the most effective dosage for your specific needs.
Possible Side Effects of Atomoxetine
Common Side Effects
The most common side effects of atomoxetine include stomach upset, decreased appetite, nausea, and fatigue. Some individuals may also experience dizziness or mood swings. These effects are generally mild and often diminish as your body adjusts to the medication.
Less Common but Serious Side Effects
While rare, serious side effects can occur. These include liver damage, which may present as yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, or severe stomach pain. Additionally, some individuals may experience an increase in heart rate or blood pressure. Monitor for these symptoms and seek immediate medical attention if they arise. 12
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects
Communicate with your healthcare provider about any side effects you experience. They can offer strategies to manage them, such as adjusting the dosage or timing of the medication. Regular follow-up appointments are essential to ensure the medication is effective and safe.
Take the Next Step Toward Better Mental Health
Managing ADHD effectively requires a comprehensive approach. That’s why at A Mission For Michael (AMFM), we provide customized care plans based on thorough assessments.
At our facilities across California, Virginia, and Washington, we integrate medication management with evidence-based therapies like CBT, executive functioning coaching, and behavioral interventions.
Our multidisciplinary team carefully monitors your response to atomoxetine while helping you develop practical strategies to enhance focus, organization, and impulse control. We offer a personalized approach that ensures proper dosing and comprehensive support throughout your treatment journey.
Don’t let ADHD symptoms continue to disrupt your life. Contact us at 866-478-4383 for a free assessment and discover how our customized approach to treatment can help you regain control and improve your quality of life.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What makes atomoxetine different from stimulants?
Atomoxetine is a non-stimulant medication, which means it works differently from traditional stimulant medications like methylphenidate or amphetamines. It specifically targets norepinephrine reuptake, whereas stimulants primarily increase dopamine levels. This difference makes atomoxetine suitable for those who cannot tolerate stimulants or have coexisting conditions like anxiety.
Can atomoxetine be used long-term?
Yes, atomoxetine can be used long-term for managing ADHD. Many patients continue to benefit from the medication over extended periods. However, have regular evaluations with your healthcare provider to ensure that it remains effective and to assess any long-term side effects.
How should atomoxetine be stored?
Atomoxetine should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep it in its original container, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Proper storage ensures the medication’s effectiveness and safety.
What should iIdo if a dose is missed?
If you miss a dose of atomoxetine, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one, as this can increase the risk of side effects.
What ADHD treatment programs does A Mission For Michael (AMFM) offer?
A Mission For Michael (AMFM) provides multiple ADHD treatment programs such as Partial Hospitalization Programs (PHPs), Intensive Outpatient Programs (IOPs), traditional outpatient services, and residential treatment options.
Resources
1. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd
7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493234/
8. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8863678/
9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19445548/
11. https://www.drugs.com/dosage/atomoxetine.html
12. https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-64629/strattera-oral/details
