OCD and Heredity: Is OCD Hereditary?

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a neurological disorder; it’s an anxiety disorder that consists of a series of obsessions followed by compulsions. While the exact causes of OCD are not completely clear, there are a variety of studies surrounding the role of genetic factors in the development of OCD. OCD is a complex neurological disorder, and there are a combination of genetic factors and variables that contribute to the disorder, from family history of first-degree relatives, to the timing of the onset of OCD, to environmental risk factors. 

While the genetics of OCD are still being researched heavily, there are effective treatment solutions for those who are struggling with living with OCD. AMFM Mental Health Treatment has over a decade of experience treating individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder, other anxiety disorders, or comorbidity of other related disorders. If you or a loved one are interested in treating OCD, call us today to learn more about our effective mental health treatment.

is ocd hereditary

Genetic Studies

There are currently many genetic studies out there regarding the causes of OCD, the development of OCD, and the epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder. 

Family History

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been seen to run in families and genetics help to understand its heritability.1 Twin and family studies as well as newer population-based approaches provide powerful insights into the substantial heritability in OCD and related disorders, supporting a significant genetic contribution to these disorders.2 Older studies which focused on establishing the familial nature of OCD, including its various dimensions of symptoms, as well as recent findings from studies using both the candidate gene approach and genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach.3

Another first-degree relative affected by obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in childhood is an important risk factor for developing the disorder in adulthood.4 Although the prevalence of OC symptoms and of OCD are not different for boys and girls, there may be gender differences in the symptom types.5 However, these studies have not conclusively defined or mapped out all brain functions involved in the onset of OCD, or its prevalence in family units. 

Psychiatric Care for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Historically, psychiatric disorders are treatable with a combination of psychological and psychiatric care. The primary treatments for OCD – cognitive behavior therapy, drug therapy with selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs), or both – are quite effective for many patients.6 However, recent studies have shown that glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter can play a role in the neuroscience of OCD, and in some cases, though research is still in progress, glutamate-targeting medications may be helpful for those struggling with this particular mental illness.

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More About OCD

Obsessions

Obsessions are defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) with the following criteria:

  1. Recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges or images that are experienced, at some time during the disturbance, as intrusive, unwanted, and that in most individuals cause marked anxiety or distress.
  2. The individual attempts to ignore or suppress such thoughts, urges, or images, or to neutralize them with some thought or action (i.e., by performing a compulsion).

Some common obsessive thoughts include fears of contamination or security, a need for symmetry or order, harm to oneself or others, or intrusive thoughts surrounding religion, sex, aggression or violence.

Compulsions

Compulsions, meanwhile, are defined by the DSM-5 through the following criteria:

  1. Repetitive behaviors (e.g., hand washing, ordering checking) or mental acts (e.g., praying, counting, repeating words silently) that the person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession
  2. The behaviors or mental acts are aimed at preventing or reducing distress or preventing some dreaded event or situation. However, these behaviors or mental acts either are not connected in a realistic way with what they are designed to neutralize or prevent or are clearly excessive.


Common compulsions include checking rituals, repetitive behaviors like hand-washing, locking doors, rumination, or other time-consuming rituals. These repetitive behaviors can disrupt the flow of an individual’s daily life. If you or a loved one are looking to control your obsessive-compulsive disorder, don’t hesitate to
reach out today.

OCD Symptoms

Symptoms of OCD can include but are not limited to:

  • Obsessive thoughts
  • Compulsive behaviors
  • Intrusive thoughts‌
  • Compulsive symptoms
  • ‌Repetitive behaviors
  • Unwanted thoughts
  • Hand washing
  • Hoarding

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Types of Therapy Offered at AMFM for OCD

Mental health therapy is a component of treatment programs that includes structured interventions focused on addressing emotional, behavioral, and psychological symptoms. Therapy options are available at varying levels of care, to accommodate the range of symptom severity commonly seen with behavioral disorders. Psychotherapy can help you develop the coping skills you need to effectively cope with and manage your symptoms.

Therapy is available in individual settings, group settings, and support groups. Each of these has its advantages and uses. Common therapeutic approaches used in therapy sessions include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), and trauma-informed care. 

For some, therapy can be most impactful when it is supplemented with psychiatric care and medication management services. Depending on your needs and the level of care you receive, therapy can occur as short-term crisis service intervention to long-term residential care. If you’d like to connect with us or access a crisis lifeline, call us today.AMFM Mental Health Treatment offers a combination of holistic mental health services‌ and evidence-based therapies like the following:

Individual Therapy

Individual therapy takes place in a one on one setting with a licensed professional, usually consisting of a combination of dialectical and cognitive behavioral therapies, in which a person can talk through his or her individual struggles. Individual therapy and mental health care is one of the most crucial steps for those facing mental health challenges.

Group Therapy

Group therapy sessions can be used to help provide structured times to help you understand that you are not alone in your struggles, that your peers are also walking through these challenges, while also providing guidance, suggestions and communications from psychologists with specialized backgrounds7. These groups can span a variety of backgrounds, including but not limited to art therapy, somatic therapy, and narrative therapy.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a form of therapy that’s focused on restructuring and reprogramming maladaptive and negative thought processes8. Psychologists are trained to help you change your cognitive and emotional processes in order to outgrow coping mechanisms that may no longer be serving you.

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is most commonly referred to as “talk therapy,” and is designed to help process emotions. Qualified professionals offer psychological therapy to move forward with healthy ways of engaging in interpersonal relationships and alleviating physical and emotional distress. 

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy (EMDR)

EMDR Therapy is a renowned method of reprocessing most often used in trauma therapy.9 By activating the prefrontal cortex through a series of bilateral stimulation, qualified professionals can lead you through traumatic experiences, helping you to alleviate the distress symptomized by trauma.

Psychiatric Care

AMFM Mental Health Treatment provides comprehensive psychiatric care, along with traditional therapeutic modalities. For OCD care, serotonergic antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and clomipramine, are known to be effective.10 Our on-staff clinicians are equipped to design personalized treatment plans for your continued success. In combination with psychotherapy, psychiatric care is handled safely, to help you or your loved one overcome mental health challenges. 

Family Therapy Programs

Family therapy may be used when a loved one’s mental health symptoms are affecting others. This can increase a family members’ understanding of anxiety and talk about how to support each other, providing family members with support groups. Family therapy sessions can improve communication patterns, focus on problem-solving, address unresolved conflicts, and increase the sense of understanding among one another.

Holistic Therapies

Holistic Therapy focuses on the mind-body-spirit connection, approaching the whole person when it comes to mental health treatment, rather than addressing a singular symptom or challenge at a time. By healing the whole person–encouraging balance and well-being for well-rounded growth, holistic therapy can build health habits that last a lifetime.

Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP)

Exposure and Response Prevention therapy is a type of behavioral therapy used to treat OCD. A licensed mental health professional will help expose an individual to practice confronting the stimuli that provoke obsessions and compulsions. Then, the individual will practice making a new choice to avoid a compulsive behavior.

TMS Therapy is a type of therapy that uses magnetic pulses to treat depression by stimulating certain areas of the brain. This is a noninvasive method of treatment that some mental health programs offer for treatment of depression, bipolar disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.

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By submitting this form you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy and give my express written consent for AMFM Healthcare to contact me at the number provided above, even if this number is a wireless number or if I am presently listed on a Do Not Call list.

I understand that I may be contacted by telephone, email, text message or mail regarding my disability benefit case options and that I may be called using automatic dialing equipment. Message and data rates may apply. My consent does not require purchase. Message frequency varies. Text HELP for help. Reply STOP to unsubscribe.

Disclaimer

What to expect

Contact From Admission Representative:

Complete the form to receive a prompt call back from a member of our experienced and compassionate admissions staff. All communication is 100% confidential.

By submitting this form you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy and give my express written consent for AMFM Healthcare to contact me at the number provided above, even if this number is a wireless number or if I am presently listed on a Do Not Call list.

I understand that I may be contacted by telephone, email, text message or mail regarding my disability benefit case options and that I may be called using automatic dialing equipment. Message and data rates may apply. My consent does not require purchase. Message frequency varies. Text HELP for help. Reply STOP to unsubscribe.

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Purty A, Nestadt G, Samuels JF, Viswanath B. Genetics of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Indian J Psychiatry. 2019 Jan;61(Suppl 1):S37-S42. doi: 10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_518_18. PMID: 30745675; PMCID: PMC6343406.

Heidi A. Browne, Shannon L. Gair, Jeremiah M. Scharf, Dorothy E. Grice, Genetics of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Related Disorders, Psychiatric Clinics of North America, Volume 37, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 319-335, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2014.06.002. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0193953X14000562)

Chacon P, Bernardes E, Faggian L, Batistuzzo M, Moriyama T, Miguel EC, Polanczyk GV. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in children with first degree relatives diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Braz J Psychiatry. 2018 Oct-Dec;40(4):388-393. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2017-2321. Epub 2018 Jun 11. PMID: 29898190; PMCID: PMC6899383.

Zohar AH. The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 1999 Jul;8(3):445-60. PMID: 10442225.

Bloch, Michael H., et al. “New Horizons in OCD Research and the Potential Importance of Glutamate. Can We Develop Treatments That Work Better and Faster?” International OCD Foundation, https://iocdf.org/expert-opinions/expert-opinion-glutamate/. Accessed 13 May 2025.

“Psychotherapy: Understanding group therapy.” American Psychological Association, 31 October 2019, https://www.apa.org/topics/psychotherapy/group-therapy. Accessed 20 February 2025.

“APA Dictionary of Psychology.” APA Dictionary of Psychology, https://dictionary.apa.org/cognitive-behavior-therapy. Accessed 20 February 2025.

“What is EMDR?” EMDR Institute, https://www.emdr.com/what-is-emdr/. Accessed 20 February 2025.

Kellner M. Drug treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2010;12(2):187-97. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2010.12.2/mkellner. PMID: 20623923; PMCID: PMC3181958.