Common PTSD Symptoms and How They’re Treated

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can feel like a weight that never lifts. Whether it stems from a life-threatening car crash, sexual assault, natural disaster, or domestic violence, the effects of trauma often echo into daily life—impacting sleep, relationships, emotions, and overall stability. At AMFM (A Mission for Michael), with services in California, Minnesota, and Virginia, we help individuals understand what PTSD truly looks like in real life—and more importantly, which evidence-based treatments can lead to lasting recovery.

PTSD doesn’t always look like what you see in movies—it can be hidden in mood swings, avoidance, panic attacks, or constant exhaustion. Some people withdraw from loved ones. Others stay busy to outrun flashbacks.1 At AMFM, we meet clients where they are. Our trauma-informed team works to uncover the roots of distress, not just mask symptoms. We believe healing is possible—and that no one should have to carry the weight of trauma alone.

what are the common symptoms of PTSD

What Does PTSD Look Like: The Main Symptoms

When someone develops PTSD after a traumatic experience, several types of symptoms will usually show up.2 Here are the main ones, listed by type:

Re‑experiencing Symptoms

  • Flashbacks of moments when a traumatic event plays out in your mind
  • Nightmares or repeated disturbing dreams about what happened.
  • Disturbing memories, thoughts, or physical reactions (sweating, pounding heart) when reminded of the trauma. Example: After a car crash, simply hearing screeching tires might trigger the memory of the accident.

Avoidance Symptoms

  • Avoiding people, places, or activities that trigger memories.
  • Avoiding thoughts or feelings related to the trauma.
  • Trying to push away reminders, or changing routines so as not to run into reminders.

Negative Changes in Cognition & Mood

  • Persistent negative thoughts about self, others, or the world. (“I’m unworthy”, “The world is unsafe”, etc.)
  • Feelings of guilt, shame, or blame.
  • Loss of interest in things once enjoyed; feeling detached or numb.
  • Trouble remembering important parts of the traumatic event.

Arousal & Reactivity Symptoms (Hyperarousal)

  • Being easily startled or jumpy.
  • Always on guard and feeling hypervigilant.
  • Irritability, angry outbursts.
  • Trouble sleeping (insomnia), difficulty concentrating.
  • Risky or self‑destructive behaviors

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How These Symptoms Interfere with Daily Life

These symptoms are not just “in the head.” They get in the way of how people:

  • Relate to loved ones (withdrawal, emotional numbness).
  • Work or learn (concentration problems, memory).
  • Feel safe even in situations that are not dangerous.
  • Take care of physical health: rapid heartbeat, chronic pain, or stomach problems are often companions of PTSD.

Risk Factors That May Intensify or Sustain Symptoms

Not everyone who experiences trauma will go on to develop (PTSD), but certain factors can increase a person’s vulnerability. The most common risk factors include:3

  • Previous traumatic experiences, especially in childhood.
  • Pre-existing mental illnesses (anxiety, depression, substance abuse).
  • Severity, duration, or repeated exposure to the trauma.
  • Absence of social support or extreme stress following the event.
  • Personality, age, and gender differences (e.g. adolescents, females)—these do not cause, but alter probability.

How PTSD Is Treated: What Works & What AMFM Offers

AMFM’s treatment of PTSD combines evidence-based therapies, clinical expertise, and compassionate care to help individuals reclaim their lives.

Trauma‑Focused Psychotherapies


At AMFM, clients are provided these therapies by skilled clinicians. Therapy formats can be individual or group, inpatient/residential or outpatient, depending on location (California, Minnesota, Virginia) and severity.

Medications

SSRIs and SNRIs like sertraline, paroxetine, venlafaxine are among medications with evidence for reducing PTSD symptoms.4 Medication is typically paired with psychotherapy; used to stabilize mood, reduce anxiety, and improve sleep. AMFM’s psychiatric team decides whether meds are warranted based on symptoms and client history.

Holistic & Supportive Interventions

  • Sleep hygiene, grounding, mindfulness, relaxation.
  • Support groups and peer support to reduce isolation, share coping strategies.
  • Behavioral health clinicians help clients with trigger management, negative thinking, reactivity.

Treatment Tailored to Each Client

At AMFM, every treatment plan begins with a full picture of the person—not just the diagnosis. We take into account each client’s trauma history—including the type, severity, and duration of what they’ve experienced—alongside their mental health, any substance use, support systems, age, and gender. When someone is also dealing with conditions like anxiety or depression, their care is tailored to be more integrated and intensive to meet those added needs.

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What AMFM Can Look Like in Practice

  • Initial assessment: The mental health practitioner evaluates symptoms (flashbacks, avoidance, mood, arousal), medical history, substance use, sleep issues.
  • Formulation and Planning: Choose between EMDR, CPT, or PE, possibly alongside medication. Set personalized treatment goals.
  • Therapy Sessions: Attend 8–16 weekly sessions of trauma-focused therapy. Address negative thoughts, process traumatic memories, and build coping skills.
  • Medication (If Needed): This is coordinated through psychiatry with ongoing monitoring for side effects and effectiveness.
  • Support Group/Peer Network: Incorporate peer support as part of the treatment plan to foster connection and community.
  • Ongoing Assessment: Continuously evaluate progress. Adjust the plan if symptoms persist or new stressors arise.

Why Early Intervention Is Important

Getting help early makes a real difference. When PTSD symptoms linger, starting treatment early can improve outcomes—lessening the severity and duration of symptoms, lowering the risk of developing related issues like depression, and helping individuals maintain daily functioning. At AMFM, early intervention is a core part of the model. With built-in outreach, crisis stabilization, and referral support, we aim to catch PTSD before it becomes deeply entrenched.

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Hope & What Recovery Looks Like

Recovery isn’t about pretending the trauma never happened—it’s about learning to live with it in a new way, where it no longer controls your thoughts, relationships, or ability to experience joy.5 It’s about making space for both the pain and the possibility of healing. At AMFM, we’ve seen that with the right support, progress is not only possible—it’s expected.

Clients can begin to experience subtle but significant shifts: fewer nightmares, shorter or less severe flashbacks, improved emotional regulation, and a feeling of more safety in their bodies and in their environments. Strained relationships can begin to mend. Sleep becomes more restorative. The world, once full of threat, begins to open up again. Recovery doesn’t have to be done alone. Every step forward, no matter how small, is a step in the direction of reclaiming your sense of self and building a life that feels worth living again.

Ready to Take the Next Step?

PTSD can turn life into a vicious cycle—perpetually on guard for danger, bracing for the next trigger, or trying to hold feelings at bay. But it doesn’t have to stay that way. Healing is possible, and at AMFM, we’re dedicated to guiding you through the process with compassion, clinical expertise, and deep respect for your experience.

Our trauma-informed providers work with you to create a personalized care plan that may include evidence-based treatments like EMDR, CBT, and somatic therapies, along with holistic support and community connection. If you are struggling with chronic anxiety, reactivity, hypervigilance, mood swings, or long-term emotional numbness, we provide the tools to regain stability, connection, and hope.

If you or someone you care about is carrying the weight of trauma, it’s okay to ask for help. AMFM is here to walk alongside you—step by step, judgment-free, with real tools and real care. Call today to begin your path forward.

National Institute of Mental Health, “Post‑Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD),” NIMH, accessed September 13, 2025, https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd. National Institute of Mental Health

National Institute of Mental Health, “Traumatic Events and Post‑Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD),” NIMH, accessed September 13, 2025, https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd. National Institute of Mental Health

MedlinePlus, “Posttraumatic Stress Disorder,” U.S. National Library of Medicine, accessed September 13, 2025, https://medlineplus.gov/posttraumaticstressdisorder.html. MedlinePlus

National Center for PTSD, “Evidence‑based Treatment: Signs of Good PTSD Care,” VA/PTSD, accessed September 13, 2025, https://www.ptsd.va.gov/understand_tx/tx_good_care.asp. PTSD.va.gov

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